Our standard trick is to factor out the highest power of x x x in the denominator: x 4 x^4 x 4 . We just have to be a little careful with the square root. Since we are taking the limit as x x x goes to positive infinity, we have positive x x x -values, so x 2 = x \sqrt{x^2}=x x 2 = x and x 8 = x 4 \sqrt{x^8}=x^4 x 8 = x 4 .
lim x → ∞ 3 x 8 + 7 x 4 + 10 x 4 − 2 x 2 + 1 = lim x → ∞ x 8 ( 3 + 7 x 4 ) + 10 x 4 ( 1 − 2 x 2 + 1 x 4 ) = lim x → ∞ x 8 3 + 7 x 4 + 10 x 4 ( 1 − 2 x 2 + 1 x 4 ) = lim x → ∞ x 4 3 + 7 x 4 + 10 x 4 ( 1 − 2 x 2 + 1 x 4 ) = lim x → ∞ x 4 ( 3 + 7 x 4 + 10 x 4 ) x 4 ( 1 − 2 x 2 + 1 x 4 ) = lim x → ∞ 3 + 7 x 4 + 10 x 4 1 − 2 x 2 + 1 x 4 = 3 + 0 + 0 1 − 0 + 0 = 3 \begin{aligned}
\displaystyle\lim_{x \rightarrow\infty} \dfrac{\sqrt{3x^8+7x^4}+10}{x^4-2x^2+1}&=
\displaystyle\lim_{x \rightarrow\infty} \dfrac{\sqrt{x^8(3+\frac{7}{x^4})}+10}{x^4(1-\frac{2}{x^2}+\frac{1}{x^4})}
\\&=
\displaystyle\lim_{x \rightarrow\infty} \dfrac{\sqrt{x^8}\sqrt{3+\frac{7}{x^4}}+10}{x^4(1-\frac{2}{x^2}+\frac{1}{x^4})}\\&=
\displaystyle\lim_{x \rightarrow\infty} \dfrac{x^4\sqrt{3+\frac{7}{x^4}}+10}{x^4(1-\frac{2}{x^2}+\frac{1}{x^4})}\\&=
\displaystyle\lim_{x \rightarrow\infty} \dfrac{x^4\left(\sqrt{3+\frac{7}{x^4}}+\frac{10}{x^4}\right)}{x^4(1-\frac{2}{x^2}+\frac{1}{x^4})}\\&=
\displaystyle\lim_{x \rightarrow\infty} \dfrac{\sqrt{3+\frac{7}{x^4}}+\frac{10}{x^4}}{1-\frac{2}{x^2}+\frac{1}{x^4}}\\
&=\frac{\sqrt{3+0}+0}{1-0+0}=\sqrt{3}
\end{aligned} x → ∞ lim x 4 − 2 x 2 + 1 3 x 8 + 7 x 4 + 10 = x → ∞ lim x 4 ( 1 − x 2 2 + x 4 1 ) x 8 ( 3 + x 4 7 ) + 10 = x → ∞ lim x 4 ( 1 − x 2 2 + x 4 1 ) x 8 3 + x 4 7 + 10 = x → ∞ lim x 4 ( 1 − x 2 2 + x 4 1 ) x 4 3 + x 4 7 + 10 = x → ∞ lim x 4 ( 1 − x 2 2 + x 4 1 ) x 4 ( 3 + x 4 7 + x 4 10 ) = x → ∞ lim 1 − x 2 2 + x 4 1 3 + x 4 7 + x 4 10 = 1 − 0 + 0 3 + 0 + 0 = 3