Given the form of F \mathbf{F} F , direct evaluation looks hard. So let's try
Stokes' theorem, using as S S S the part of the plane G ( x , y , z ) = x + 2 y − z = 7 G(x,y,z)=x+2y-z=7 G ( x , y , z ) = x + 2 y − z = 7
that is inside x 2 − 2 x + 4 y 2 = 15 x^2-2x+4y^2=15 x 2 − 2 x + 4 y 2 = 15 . Then
n ^ d S = ± ∇ G ∇ G ⋅ k ^ d x d y = ± ( ı ^ + 2 ȷ ^ − k ^ ) d x d y \hat{\mathbf{n}}\,\mathrm{d}S = \pm \frac{{ \boldsymbol{\nabla} } G}{{ \boldsymbol{\nabla} } G\cdot\hat{\mathbf{k}}}\,\mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y
= \pm\big(\hat{\boldsymbol{\imath}}+2\hat{\boldsymbol{\jmath}}-\hat{\mathbf{k}}\big)\,\mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y n ^ d S = ± ∇ G ⋅ k ^ ∇ G d x d y = ± ( ^ + 2 ^ − k ^ ) d x d y
As C C C is oriented counterclockwise when viewed from high, Stokes'
theorem specifies the upward pointing normal so that
n ^ d S = − ( ı ^ + 2 ȷ ^ − k ^ ) d x d y \hat{\mathbf{n}}\,\mathrm{d}S = -\big(\hat{\boldsymbol{\imath}}+2\hat{\boldsymbol{\jmath}}-\hat{\mathbf{k}}\big)\,\mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y n ^ d S = − ( ^ + 2 ^ − k ^ ) d x d y .
From the observations that
∇ × F = det [ ı ^ ȷ ^ k ^ ∂ ∂ x ∂ ∂ y ∂ ∂ z e x 2 + y z cos ( y 2 ) − x 2 sin ( z 2 ) + x y ] = x ı ^ − ( z + 2 x ) k ^ { \boldsymbol{\nabla} }\times\mathbf{F}=\det\left[\begin{matrix}\hat{\boldsymbol{\imath}} & \hat{\boldsymbol{\jmath}} & \hat{\mathbf{k}} \\[0.05in]
\frac{\partial }{\partial x} &
\frac{\partial }{\partial y} &
\frac{\partial }{\partial z} \\[0.05in]
e^{x^2}+yz & \cos(y^2)-x^2 & \sin(z^2)+xy
\end{matrix} \right]
=x\,\hat{\boldsymbol{\imath}}-(z+2x)\,\hat{\mathbf{k}} ∇ × F = det ^ ∂ x ∂ e x 2 + yz ^ ∂ y ∂ cos ( y 2 ) − x 2 k ^ ∂ z ∂ sin ( z 2 ) + x y = x ^ − ( z + 2 x ) k ^
and that we can rewrite x 2 − 2 x + 4 y 2 = 15 x^2-2x+4y^2=15 x 2 − 2 x + 4 y 2 = 15 as ( x − 1 ) 2 + 4 y 2 = 16 (x-1)^2+4y^2=16 ( x − 1 ) 2 + 4 y 2 = 16 ,
we have
∮ C F ⋅ d r = ∬ S ∇ × F ⋅ n ^ d S = ∬ ( x − 1 ) 2 + 4 y 2 ≤ 16 [ x ı ^ − ( z + 2 x ) k ^ ] ∣ z = − 7 + x + 2 y ⋅ ( − 1 , − 2 , 1 ) d x d y = ∬ ( x − 1 ) 2 + 4 y 2 ≤ 16 [ − x − ( − 7 + x + 2 y + 2 x ) ] d x d y = ∬ ( x − 1 ) 2 + 4 y 2 ≤ 16 [ 7 − 4 x − 2 y ] d x d y \begin{aligned}
\oint_C\mathbf{F}\cdot \mathrm{d}\mathbf{r} &=\iint _S { \boldsymbol{\nabla} }\times\mathbf{F}\cdot\hat{\mathbf{n}}\,\mathrm{d}S\\
&=\iint _{(x-1)^2+4y^2\le 16}\,
[x\hat{\boldsymbol{\imath}}-(z+2x)\hat{\mathbf{k}}]\Big|_{z=-7+x+2y}\cdot(-1,-2,1)\,\mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y\\
&=\iint _{(x-1)^2+4y^2\le 16} [-x-(-7+x+2y+2x)]\,\mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y\\
&=\iint _{(x-1)^2+4y^2\le 16} [7-4x-2y]\,\mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y
\end{aligned} ∮ C F ⋅ d r = ∬ S ∇ × F ⋅ n ^ d S = ∬ ( x − 1 ) 2 + 4 y 2 ≤ 16 [ x ^ − ( z + 2 x ) k ^ ] z = − 7 + x + 2 y ⋅ ( − 1 , − 2 , 1 ) d x d y = ∬ ( x − 1 ) 2 + 4 y 2 ≤ 16 [ − x − ( − 7 + x + 2 y + 2 x )] d x d y = ∬ ( x − 1 ) 2 + 4 y 2 ≤ 16 [ 7 − 4 x − 2 y ] d x d y
To evaluate the integrals of x x x and y y y we use that, for any region R R R
in the x y xy x y –plane,
x ˉ = ∬ R x d x d y Area ( R ) y ˉ = ∬ R y d x d y Area ( R ) \bar x =\frac{\iint _R x\,\mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y}{\text{Area}(R)}\qquad
\bar y =\frac{\iint _R y\,\mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y}{\text{Area}(R)} x ˉ = Area ( R ) ∬ R x d x d y y ˉ = Area ( R ) ∬ R y d x d y
Our ellipse is ( x − 1 ) 2 4 2 + y 2 2 2 = 1 \frac{(x-1)^2}{4^2}+\frac{y^2}{2^2}=1 4 2 ( x − 1 ) 2 + 2 2 y 2 = 1
and so has area π a b = π × 4 × 2 = 8 π \pi ab = \pi\times4\times 2=8\pi πab = π × 4 × 2 = 8 π and centroid
( x ˉ , y ˉ ) = ( 1 , 0 ) (\bar x,\bar y) = (1,0) ( x ˉ , y ˉ ) = ( 1 , 0 ) . So, using
R = { ( x , y ) ∣ ( x − 1 ) 2 4 2 + y 2 2 2 ≤ 1 } R=\big\{ \ (x,y)\ \big|\ \frac{(x-1)^2}{4^2}+\frac{y^2}{2^2}\le 1\ \big\} R = { ( x , y ) 4 2 ( x − 1 ) 2 + 2 2 y 2 ≤ 1 } ,
∮ C F ⋅ d r = ∬ R [ 7 − 4 x − 2 y ] d x d y = Area ( R ) { 7 − 4 x ˉ − 2 y ˉ } = 8 π [ 7 − 4 × 1 − 2 × 0 ] = 24 π \begin{aligned}
\oint_C\mathbf{F}\cdot \mathrm{d}\mathbf{r} &=\iint _R [7-4x-2y]\,\mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y\\
&=\text{Area}(R) \big\{7-4\bar x-2\bar y\}\\
&=8\pi[7-4\times 1-2\times 0]=24\pi
\end{aligned} ∮ C F ⋅ d r = ∬ R [ 7 − 4 x − 2 y ] d x d y = Area ( R ) { 7 − 4 x ˉ − 2 y ˉ } = 8 π [ 7 − 4 × 1 − 2 × 0 ] = 24 π