(a), (b) Since the cylindrical coordinate r(x,y,z) of a point (x,y,z) is
the distance, x2+y2, from (x,y,z) to the z-axis, the sets
{(x,y,z)r(x,y,z)=0}{(x,y,z)r(x,y,z)=1}={(x,y,z)x2+y2=0}={(x,y,z)x=y=0}=the z-axis={(x,y,z)x2+y2=1}=the cylinder of radius 1 centred on the z-axis
(c), (d)
Since the cylindrical coordinate θ(x,y,z) of a point (x,y,z) is
the angle between the positive x-axis and the line from (0,0,0)
to (x,y,0), the sets
{(x,y,z)θ(x,y,z)=0}{(x,y,z)θ(x,y,z)=π/4}=the half of the xz-plane with x>0=the half of the plane y=x with x>0