그린 정리

(a) Let $\mathcal{C}_1$ be the line segment from $(0,1)$ to $(0,0)$, $\mathcal{C}_2$ be the line segment from $(0,0)$ to $(1,0)$ and $\mathcal{C}_3$ be the curve $y=1-x^2$ from $(1,0)$ to $(0,1)$.

Then

$$\begin{aligned} \int_{\mathcal{C}_1} x\,\mathrm{d}s&=\int_{\mathcal{C}_1} 0\,\mathrm{d}s=0\\ \int_{\mathcal{C}_2} x\,\mathrm{d}s&=\int_0^1 x\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{1}{2} \end{aligned}$$

To evaluate the integral along $\mathcal{C}_3$, we use the parametrization

$$\begin{aligned} \big(x(t),y(t)\big) &= \big(1-t\,,\, 1-(1-t)^2\big) \qquad 0\le t\le 1 \\ \big(x'(t),y'(t)\big) &= \big(-1\,,\, 2(1-t)\big) \\ \frac{\mathrm{d}s}{\mathrm{d}t}(t) &= \sqrt{x'(t)^2 +y'(t)^2} =\sqrt{1 + 4 (1-t)^2} \end{aligned}$$

So

$$\begin{aligned} \int_{\mathcal{C}_3} x\,\mathrm{d}s &=\int_0^1 x(t) \frac{\mathrm{d}s}{\mathrm{d}t}(t)\,\mathrm{d}t =\int_0^1 (1-t)\sqrt{1+4(1-t)^2}\,\mathrm{d}t\\ &=\Big[-\frac{1}{12}{(1+4(1-t)^2)}^{3/2}\Big]_0^1 =\frac{1}{12}\big[-1+5^{3/2}\big] \end{aligned}$$

All together $$\int_{\mathcal{C}} x\,\mathrm{d}s=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{12}\big[5^{3/2}-1\big] \approx 1.3484$$

(b) By either Stokes' theorem or Green's theorem

$$\begin{aligned} \int_\mathcal{C} \mathbf{F}\cdot \mathrm{d}\mathbf{r} &=\iint _R\Big[\frac{\partial }{\partial x}\big(x^2+\cos(y^2)\big) -\frac{\partial }{\partial y}\big(\sin(x^2)-xy\big) \Big]\ \mathrm{d}x \mathrm{d}y =\iint _R3x\ \mathrm{d}x \mathrm{d}y\\ &=3\int_0^1 \mathrm{d}x\int_0^{1-x^2}\mathrm{d}y\ x =3\int_0^1 \mathrm{d}x\ (1-x^2) x =3\Big[\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}\Big]=\frac{3}{4} \end{aligned}$$