벡터의 연산

좌표축을 $A=(0,0,0)$, $B=(s,0,0)$, $C=(s,s,0)$, $D=(0,s,0)$ 이고 $A'=(0,0,s)$, $B'=(s,0,s)$, $C'=(s,s,s)$, $D'=(0,s,s)$ 가 되도록 잡을 수 있다.

(a) 그러면

$$\begin{aligned} |A'C'|&=\big|\left< s,s,s\right> -\left< 0,0,s\right> \big| &&=\big|\left< s,s,0\right> \big|&=\sqrt{2}\,s\\ |A'B|&=\big|\left< s,0,0\right> -\left< 0,0,s\right> \big| &&=\big|\left< s,0,-s\right> \big|&=\sqrt{2}\,s\\ |A'D|&=\big|\left< 0,s,0\right> -\left< 0,0,s\right> \big| &&=\big|\left< 0,s,-s\right> \big|&=\sqrt{2}\,s\\ |C'B|&=\big|\left< s,0,0\right> -\left< s,s,s\right> \big| &&=\big|\left< 0,-s,-s\right> \big|&=\sqrt{2}\,s\\ |C'D|&=\big|\left< 0,s,0\right> -\left< s,s,s\right> \big| &&=\big|\left< -s,0,-s\right> \big|&=\sqrt{2}\,s\\ |BD|&=\big|\left< 0,s,0\right> -\left< s,0,0\right> \big| &&=\big|\left< -s,s,0\right> \big|&=\sqrt{2}\,s \end{aligned}$$

(b) $E=\tfrac{1}{2}(s,s,s)$ 이므로 $EA=\left< 0,0,0\right> -\tfrac{1}{2}\left< s,s,s\right> =-\tfrac{1}{2}\left< s,s,s\right>$ 이고 $EC=\left< s,s,0\right> -\tfrac{1}{2}\left< s,s,s\right> =\tfrac{1}{2}\left< s,s,-s\right>$ 이다. $$\cos\theta =\frac{-\left< s,s,s\right> \cdot\left< s,s,-s\right>} {|\left< s,s,s\right> |\,|\left< s,s,-s\right> |} =\frac{-s^2}{3s^2} =-\frac{1}{3} \qquad \implies\quad \theta=109.5^\circ$$